Motor neurons carry signals from the central nervous system to a part of the body that can respond through an action, such as blinking, salivating, or exhaling.Relay neurons transmit signals from one part of the central nervous system to another part.They receive information like sound, touch, and temperature. Sensory neurons pick up and transmit signals about stimuli to the central nervous system.Simply put, nerve cells (AKA neurons) carry messages from one body part to another through extremely tiny electrical impulses. The somatic system is made up of the nerves that connect the central nervous system to muscles and sensory receptors in tissues. The Somatic Nervous System (SNS): The body’s system for regulating its voluntary actions and processes, such as moving away from a source of perceived heat. The Autonomic nervous system tracks and calibrates things like breathing, digestion, and blood pressure. The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): The body’s system for regulating its involuntary actions and processes. The peripheral nervous system picks up sensory information from the rest of the body and relays them to the central nervous system.įrom a functional view, there are two parts to the human nervous system: The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): The body’s “input system,” consisting of ganglia (nerve bundles) and nerve fibers outside of the brain and spine. The central nervous system receives and integrates sensory information and coordinates responses. The Central Nervous System (CNS): The body’s “computing system,” consisting of the brain and spinal cord. If your body were a house, you could think of the nervous system as the electrical wiring.įrom a structural view, there are two parts to the human nervous system: The nervous system is responsible for transmitting messages to and from different body parts, taking in and processing sensory information from outside the body, and coordinating actions like movement or digestion. This overview of “what are nerve endings?” addresses the different parts of the body’s nervous system, how sensation is received, the function of nerve endings, and how they perceive pain.Įvery animal, from a jellyfish to a human, needs a nervous system to survive. The sensations your nerve endings pass along to the brain are essential to your survival. If your brain is your body’s computer, you can think of your nerve endings as the keyboard, a place where new information is entered from the outside to be processed. Nerves also process information within the body and transmit signals to create action, causing you to lift your head and gaze at the beautiful sky or rub your painful injured toe. Nerve cells receive input from the outside world, from the beauty of a sunset to the pain of a stubbed toe. Your nervous system is incredibly complex, with billions of extremely specialized nerve cells.
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